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Black |seats1_title = Hellenic Parliament |seats1 = |seats2_title = European Parliament |seats2 = |seats4_title = Regions 〔The counselors of the Regions.〕 |seats4 = |seats5_title = Municipalities |flag = 150px |website = (English) |country = Greece }} The Popular Association – Golden Dawn ((ギリシア語:Λαϊκός Σύνδεσμος – Χρυσή Αυγή), ''Laïkós Sýndesmos – Chrysí Avgí''), usually known simply as Golden Dawn ((ギリシア語:Χρυσή Αυγή), ''Chrysí Avgí'' ), is a far-right〔 * * *〕 political party in Greece. It is led by Nikolaos Michaloliakos. Scholars and media have described it as neo-Nazi〔 * * * * * *〕〔 * * * * * 〕 and fascist,〔 * *〕 though the group rejects these labels. Members have expressed admiration of the former Greek dictator Ioannis Metaxas of the 4th of August Regime (1936–1941).〔 They have also made use of Nazi symbolism, and have praised figures of Nazi Germany in the past. According to academic sources, the group is racist and xenophobic, while the party's leader has openly identified it as nationalist and racist. Michaloliakos began the foundations of what would become Golden Dawn in 1980, when he published the first issue of the right-wing, pro-military junta journal with that name. In this context Golden Dawn had its origins in the movement that worked towards a return to right-wing military dictatorship in Greece. Following an investigation into the murder of anti-fascist rapper Pavlos Fyssas in September 2013, Michaloliakos, and several other Golden Dawn MPs and members, were arrested and held in pre-trial detention on suspicion of forming a criminal organization. The trial began on . ==Programme== Golden Dawn first received widespread attention in 1991, and in 1993 registered as a political party. By this time Golden Dawn had adopted several southern Balkan focused regional objectives as its main programme: to promote the idea of a Greater Greece through the expansion of Greek territory into southern Albania (Northern Epirus), the Republic of Macedonia, and southern Bulgaria, and ultimately Greece's reconquest of Constantinople and western Anatolia through war with Turkey; to push for the complete Hellenisation of Greek Macedonia and Western Thrace through the expulsion of Northern Greece's last remaining Bulgarian-speaking minority (or so-called Slavophone Greeks) and the Turkish-speaking Muslim minority of East Macedonia and Thrace that dates to the Ottoman period (see Western Thrace Turks); and to combat Islam in the region, such as through contributing fighters to the Greek Volunteer Guard that helped capture Srebrenica—and was thereby complicit in war crimes committed against Bosnian Muslims.〔See Golden Dawn journal, summer 1995 issue, for a manifesto of this programme.〕 By the mid-2000s, Golden Dawn had redirected its attention to opposing non-European, and particularly Muslim, immigration into the mainly Greek areas of southern Greece and Athens. Golden Dawn had temporarily ceased political operations in 2005 and was absorbed by the Patriotic Alliance. The Alliance, in turn, ceased operations after Michaloliakos withdrew support in the spring of 2007. Golden Dawn held its sixth congress, in March 2007, where party officials announced the resumption of political activities. At local elections on 7 November 2010 Golden Dawn got 5.3% of the vote in the municipality of Athens, winning a seat at the City Council. In some neighbourhoods with large immigrant communities it reached 20%. The party ran a campaign during the May 2012 Greek national elections based on concerns about unemployment, austerity, the economy, and immigration, which gained a large increase in support from the Greek electorate. It received 7% of the popular vote, enough for the party to enter the Hellenic Parliament for the first time with 21 seats. Following a second election in June 2012, this was reduced to 18 seats. As a result of the January 2015 Greek national elections, the party became the third largest in Parliament, despite winning only 17 seats. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「 Black|seats1_title = Hellenic Parliament|seats1 = |seats2_title = European Parliament|seats2 = |seats4_title = Regions The counselors of the Regions.|seats4 = |seats5_title = Municipalities|flag = 150px|website = (English)|country = Greece}}The Popular Association – Golden Dawn ((ギリシア語:Λαϊκός Σύνδεσμος – Χρυσή Αυγή), ''Laïkós Sýndesmos – Chrysí Avgí''), usually known simply as Golden Dawn ((ギリシア語:Χρυσή Αυγή), ''Chrysí Avgí'' ), is a far-right*** political party in Greece. It is led by Nikolaos Michaloliakos.Scholars and media have described it as neo-Nazi*********** and fascist,** though the group rejects these labels. Members have expressed admiration of the former Greek dictator Ioannis Metaxas of the 4th of August Regime (1936–1941). They have also made use of Nazi symbolism, and have praised figures of Nazi Germany in the past. According to academic sources, the group is racist and xenophobic, while the party's leader has openly identified it as nationalist and racist.Michaloliakos began the foundations of what would become Golden Dawn in 1980, when he published the first issue of the right-wing, pro-military junta journal with that name. In this context Golden Dawn had its origins in the movement that worked towards a return to right-wing military dictatorship in Greece.Following an investigation into the murder of anti-fascist rapper Pavlos Fyssas in September 2013, Michaloliakos, and several other Golden Dawn MPs and members, were arrested and held in pre-trial detention on suspicion of forming a criminal organization. The trial began on .==Programme==Golden Dawn first received widespread attention in 1991, and in 1993 registered as a political party. By this time Golden Dawn had adopted several southern Balkan focused regional objectives as its main programme: to promote the idea of a Greater Greece through the expansion of Greek territory into southern Albania (Northern Epirus), the Republic of Macedonia, and southern Bulgaria, and ultimately Greece's reconquest of Constantinople and western Anatolia through war with Turkey; to push for the complete Hellenisation of Greek Macedonia and Western Thrace through the expulsion of Northern Greece's last remaining Bulgarian-speaking minority (or so-called Slavophone Greeks) and the Turkish-speaking Muslim minority of East Macedonia and Thrace that dates to the Ottoman period (see Western Thrace Turks); and to combat Islam in the region, such as through contributing fighters to the Greek Volunteer Guard that helped capture Srebrenica—and was thereby complicit in war crimes committed against Bosnian Muslims.See Golden Dawn journal, summer 1995 issue, for a manifesto of this programme.By the mid-2000s, Golden Dawn had redirected its attention to opposing non-European, and particularly Muslim, immigration into the mainly Greek areas of southern Greece and Athens. Golden Dawn had temporarily ceased political operations in 2005 and was absorbed by the Patriotic Alliance. The Alliance, in turn, ceased operations after Michaloliakos withdrew support in the spring of 2007. Golden Dawn held its sixth congress, in March 2007, where party officials announced the resumption of political activities. At local elections on 7 November 2010 Golden Dawn got 5.3% of the vote in the municipality of Athens, winning a seat at the City Council. In some neighbourhoods with large immigrant communities it reached 20%.The party ran a campaign during the May 2012 Greek national elections based on concerns about unemployment, austerity, the economy, and immigration, which gained a large increase in support from the Greek electorate. It received 7% of the popular vote, enough for the party to enter the Hellenic Parliament for the first time with 21 seats. Following a second election in June 2012, this was reduced to 18 seats. As a result of the January 2015 Greek national elections, the party became the third largest in Parliament, despite winning only 17 seats.」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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